Publications

Visual Evoked Potential
Consciousness and Cognition
Physics and Phage
Nonlinear Systems Analysis
Optics
Statistics
Applied Vision
Spatial Vision
Theses and Dissertations

Visual Evoked Potential [back to top]

19. Ary, J. P. , Klein, S. A. and Fender, D.H. (1981). Locations of sources of evoked scalp potentials: corrections for skull and scalp thickness. IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering BME-28, 447-452. PDF
25. Levi, D. M., Manny, R. E., Klein, S. A. and Steinman S. B. (1983). Electro physiological correlates of hyperacuity in the human visual cortex. Nature 306, 468-470. PDF
78. Klein, S.A. (1993). Inverting a Laplacian topography map. Brain Topography 6, 79 - 82. PDF
84. Baseler, H.A., Sutter, E.E., Klein, S.A. & Carney, T. (1994). The topography of visual evoked response properties across the visual field. Electroenceph. & Clinical Neurophys. 90, 65-81. PDF | Commentary
96. Klein, S.A. & Carney, T. (1995).The usefulness of the Laplacian in principal component analysis and dipole source localization. Brain Topography, 8, 91 - 108. PDF | Commentary
134. Slotnick, S.D., Klein, S.A., Carney, T., Sutter, E.E. & Dastmalchi, S. (1999). Using multi-stimulus VEP source localization to obtain a retinotopic map of human primary visual cortex.Clinical Neurophysiology. 110, 1793-1800. PDF | Commentary
145. Slotnick, S.D., Klein, S.A., Carney, T. & Sutter, E. (2001). Electrophysiological estimate of human cortical magnification. Clin Neurophysiology, 112: 1349-1356. PDF | Commentary
159. Slotnick, S.D., Hopfinger, J.B., Klein, S.A., Sutter E.E.. (2002) Darkness beyond the light: attentional inhibition surrounding surrounding the classic spotlight. Neuroreport 13, 773-778. PDF | Commentary
178. Carney T, Ales J & Klein SA (2006). Advances in multifocal methods for imaging human brain activity. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging XI, Bernice Rogowitz, Thrasyvoulos Pappas, Scott Daly, Editors SPIE 6057. PDF | Commentary
179. Baker SL, Baseler H, Carney T & Klein SA (2006). Localizing sites of activation in primary visual cortex using visual evoked potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 23, 404 - 415. PDF | Commentary

Consciousness and Cognition [back to top]

60. Klein, S. A. (1991). The duality of psycho-physics. Chapter in Tacit Assumptions in Vision Research, Gorea, ed. Cambridge Univ. Press, 231 - 249. PDF
75. Klein, S. A. (1993). Will robots see? Chapter in Spatial Vision in Humans and Robots, Cambridge University Press, 184-199. PDF
92. Klein, SA (1995) Is Quantum Mechanics Relevant to Understanding Consciousness? A review of Shadows of the Mind by Roger Penrose, Psyche, 2 (3) HTML
98. Baldo, M.V.C & Klein, S.A. (1995). Extrapolation or attention shift? Nature, 378, 565-566. PDF | Commentary
120. Klein, S.A. (1998). Double-judgment psychophysics for research on consciousness: Application to blindsight. in Toward a Science of Consciousness: The Second Tucson Discussions and Debates. Hameroff, Kaszniak, Scott, eds. 361-369. PDF | Commentary
133. Klein S.A. (1999). Do apparent temporal anomalies require non-classical explanation? Toward a Science of Consciousness: The Third Tucson Discussions and Debates. Hameroff, Kaszniak, Scott, eds. 343-357. PDF | Commentary
148. Klein, S.A. (2001). Measuring, Estimating and Understanding the Psychometric Function: A Commentary. Perception & Psychophysics. 63. 1421-1455. PDF | Commentary
155. Baldo M.V., Kihara A.H., Namba J, Klein S.A. (2002). Evidence for an attentional component of the perceptual misalignment between moving and flashing stimuli. Perception, 31, 17-30. PDF | Commentary
158. Klein, S.A. (2002). Quantum mechanics as a science-religion bridge. Research News & Opportunities in Science and Theology. 2, 13, 26. PDF | Commentary
160. Klein, S.A. (2002). Libet's Temporal Anomalies: A Reassessment of the Data. Consciousness and Cognition. 11, 198-214. PDF | Commentary
161. Klein, S.A. (2002). Libet's Research on the Timing of Conscious Intention to Act: A Commentary. Consciousness and Cognition. 11, 273-279. PDF | Commentary
162. Klein, S.A. (2002). Libet's Timing of Mental Events: Commentary on the Commentaries. Consciousness and Cognition. 11, 273-279. PDF | Commentary
167. Naimark J & Klein SA (2003). Free will and God in the quantum world. Science and Theology News. PDF | Commentary
175. Klein, SA (2005). Yoking three horses (or forces) to change the world. PDF | Commentary
180. Klein, SA (2006). Order from virtual states: A dialogue on the relevance of quantum theory to religion. Zygon, 41, 567 - 572. PDF | Commentary

Physics and Phage [back to top]

1. Edgar, R. S., Feynman, R. P., Klein, S. A., Lielausis, J., and Steinberg, C. M. (1962). Mapping experiments with t mutants of bacteriophage T4D. Genetics 47, 179-186 (discussed in several Feynman biographies). PDF
2. Klein, S. A. (1967). Nonforward superconvergence relations. Phys. Rev. Letters 18, 1074-1076. PDF
3. Durand, L., III, Fishbane, P. M., Klein, S. A., and Simmons, L. M. (1969). General form of Regge trajectory and residue functions in the scattering of particles with spin. Phys. Rev. Letters 23, 201-205. PDF
4. Halpern, M. B., Klein, S. A., and Shapiro, J. A. (1969). Spin and internal symmetry in dual Feynman theory. Phys. Rev. 188, 2378-2384. PDF
5. Klein, S. A. (1970). A general solution for Regge residues and trajectories. Phys. Rev. D, 609-623. PDF
6. Klein, S. A. (1970). General fermion Reggeization without parity doubling. Phys. Rev. D, 2968-2969. PDF
7. Kikkawa, K., Klein, S. A., Sakita, B., and Virasoro, M. A. (1970). Feynman-like diagrams compatible with duality. II-General discussion including nonplanar diagrams. Phys. Rev. D, 3258-3266. (The first paper on string theory for arbitrary topologies). PDF

Nonlinear Systems Analysis [back to top]

13. Klein, S. A. and Yasui, S. (1979). Nonlinear systems analysis with non-Gaussian white stimuli: General basis functionals and kernels. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory. IT-25, 495-500. PDF
16. Klein, S. A. (1979). Interpreting nonlinear systems: the third order kernel of the eye movement control system. Tenth Annual Pittsburgh Conference on Modeling and Simulation , 215-221. PDF
17. Larkin, R. M., Klein, S. A., Ogden, T. E. and Fender, D. H. (1979). Nonlinear kernels of the human ERG. Biological Cybernetics 35, 145-160. PDF
41. Emerson, R. C., Citron, M. C., Vaughn, W. J. and Klein, S. A. (1987). Nonlinear directionally selective subunits in complex cells of cat striate cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 58 33-65. PDF
45. Klein, S. A. (1987). Relationships between kernels measured with different stimuli. From Advanced methods of physiological system modeling, vol. 1, 278-288. Los Angeles: Biomedical Simulations Resource, USC, Ed. V. Z. Marmarelis. PDF
67. Klein, S. A. (1992). Optimizing the estimation of nonlinear kernels. Nonlinear Vision. Eds. Robert B. Pinter and Bahram Nabet, CRC Press. 109 - 170. ZIP (5 pdfs)

Optics [back to top]

39. Klein, S. A. and Ho, Y. (1986). Multizone bifocal contact lens design. SPIE Proceedings Vol. 697. Current Developments in Optical Engineering and Diffraction Phenomena. 25-35. PDF
70. Klein, S. A. (1992). A corneal topography algorithm that produces continuous curvature. Optometry and Vision Science 69, 829 - 834. PDF
79. Klein, S.A. (1993). Improvements for videokeratography. Ophthalmic and Visual Optics Technical Digest, OSA Monterey Meeting. 3, 58 - 61. PDF
80. Klein, S.A. (1993). Understanding the diffractive bifocal contact lens. Optom and Vis Science 70, 439-460. PDF
85. Mandell, R.B. Barsky, B.A. & Klein, S.A. (1994). Taking a new angle on keratoconus. Contact Lens Spectrum. 9, 44 -47. PDF
90. Klein, S.A., Mandell, R.B., Barsky, B.A. (1995). Representing corneal shape. OSA Technical Digest, Vision Science and its Applications, OSA Technical Digest Series, vol. 1, 37 - 40. PDF
93a. Klein, S.A. & Mandell, R.B. (1995a). Shape and refractive powers in corneal topography. Investigative Ophthalmology, 36, 2096 - 2109. PDF
93b. Klein, S.A. & Mandell, R.B. (1995b). Axial power and instantaneous power in corneal topography. Investigative Ophthalmology, 36, 2155 - 2159. PDF
94. Mandell, R.B., Chiang, C.S. & Klein, S.A. (1995). Location of the major corneal reference points. Optometry and Vision Science, 72, 776 - 784. PDF
95. Klein, S.A. & Barsky, B.A. (1995). Method for generating the anterior surface of an aberration-free contact lens for an arbitrary posterior surface. Optometry and Vision Science, 72, 816 - 820. PDF
97. Halstead, M.A., Barsky, B.A., Klein, S.A. & Mandell R.B. (1995). A spline surface algorithm for reconstruction of corneal topography from a videokeratographic reflection pattern. Optometry and Vision Science, 72, 821 - 827. PDF
99. Klein, S.A. (1996). Uniqueness of corneal shape from placido ring images. OSA Technical Digest, Vision Science and its Applications, OSA Technical Digest Series, vol. 2, SuB2. PDF
105. Halstead, M.A., Barsky, B.A., Klein, S.A. & Mandell, R.B. (1996). Reconstructing curved surfaces from specular reflection patterns using spline surface fitting of normals. ACM/Siggraph '96, New Orleans, 335-342. PDF | Commentary
108. Klein, S.A. (1997). Photoreceptor waveguides - A simple approach. In Basic and Clinical Applications of Vision Science: The Professor Jay M. Enoch Festschrift Volume. Ed. V. Lakshminarayanan. Kluwer Academic Pub., Dordrecht. Documenta Ophthalmol. Proc. 60, 37-41. PDF | Commentary
109. Corzine, J.C. & Klein, S.A. (1997). Factors determining rigid contact lens flexure. Optometry and Vision Science, 74, 639-645. PDF | Commentary
110. Barksy, B.A., Klein, S.A. & Garcia, D.D. (1997). Gaussian power with cylinder vector field representation for corneal topography maps. Optometry and Vision Science, 74, 917-925. PDF | Commentary
111. Klein, S.A. (1997). Axial curvature and the skew ray error in corneal topography. Optometry and Vision Science, 74, 931-944. PDF | Commentary
112. Klein, S.A. (1997). Corneal topography reconstruction algorithm that avoids the skew ray ambiguity and the skew ray error. Optometry and Vision Science, 74, 945-962. PDF | Commentary
121. Garcia, D.D., Barsky, B.A., & Klein, S.A. (1998). CWhatUC: A visual acuity simulator. in Ophthalmic Technologies VIII, PO Rol, KM Joos, & F Manns, Eds. Proc. SPIE 3246, 290-298. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
123. Klein, S.A. (1998). Optimal corneal ablation for eyes with arbitrary Hartmann-Shack aberrations. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 15, 2580 - 2588. PDF | Commentary
124. vandePol, C, Tran, H.H., Garcia, D.D., & Klein, S.A. (1998). Three-dimensional analysis of corneal image forming properties: A monocular diplopia example. OSA Technical Digest, Vision Science and its Applications. OSA Technical Digest Series, vol. 1. 219-222. PDF | Commentary
125. Klein, S.A., Corzine, J, & Kung, J. (1998). Corneal topography volume maps for predicting rigid contact lens centration and motion. OSA Technical Digest, Vision Science and its Applications. OSA Technical Digest Series, vol. 1. 216-218. PDF | Commentary
131. Garcia, D.D., vandePol, C, Barsky, B.A. & Klein, S.A. (1999). Wavefront coherence area for predicting visual acuity of post-PRK and post-PARK refractive surgery patients. Ophthalmic Technologies IX, PO Rol, KM Joos, F Manns, BE Stuck & M Belkin, Eds. Proc. SPIE 3591, 303-310. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
132. Corbin J.A., Klein, S. & vandePol, C. (1999). Measuring effects of refractive surgery on corneas using Taylor series polynomials. Ophthalmic Technologies IX, PO Rol, KM Joos, F Manns, BE Stuck & M Belkin, Eds. Proc. SPIE 3591, 46-52. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
138. Klein, S.A. & Garcia, D.D. (2000). Alternative representations of aberrations of the eye. in Vision Science and its Applications, OSA Technical Digest Series (Optical Society of America, Washington DC, 2000), 115-118. PDF | Commentary
141. Klein, S.A. (2000). Corneal topography: A review, new ANSI standards and problems to solve. OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Vol. 35. Vision Science and its Applications, Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan, ed (Optical Society of America, Washington DC, 2000), pp. 174-177. PDF | Commentary
143. Klein, S.A. & Garcia, D.D. (2000). Line of Sight and Alternative Representations of Aberrations of the Eye. J. Refractive Surgery. 16 630-635. PDF | Commentary
146. Klein, S.A. (2001) Problems with wavefront aberrations applied to refractive surgery: Developing standards. Opthalmic Technologies XI. F Manns, PG Soderberg, & A Ho, Eds. Proc. SPIE 4245. 47-56. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
149. Barsky, B.A., Chen, B.P, Berg, A.C., Moutet, M., Garcia, D.D. & Klein, S.A. (2001). Incorporating camera models, and actual patient eye data for photo-realistic and vision-realistic rendering. Mathematical Methods in CAGD: Oslo 2000, 1-10. PDF
157. Klein, S.A., Corzine, J., Corbin, J., Wechsler, S., & Carney, T. (2002). Wide angle cornea-sclera (ocular) topography. Opthalmic Technologies XII. F Manns, PG Soderberg, & A Ho, Eds. Proc. SPIE 4611. 149-158. PDF | Commentary | Abstract

Statistics [back to top]

29. McKee, S. P., Klein, S. A. and Teller, D. Y. (1985). Statistical properties of forced-choice functions: implications of probit analysis. Perception and Psychophysics 37, 286-298. PDF
65. Klein, S. A. (1992). An EXCEL macro for transformed and weighted averaging. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 24, 90-96. PDF
126. Klein, S.A. (1998). Averaging: An Excel macro for transformed and weighted averaging. In Guidebook of Statistical Software for the Social and Behavioral Sciences. N.C.Silver and J.B. Hittner eds. Allyn and Bacon, Boston. PDF
142. Slotnick, S.D., Klein, S.A. , Dodson, C. & Shimamura, A.P., (2000). An analysis of signal detection and threshold models of source memory. J. Experimental Psychology:LMC 26: 1499-1517. PDF | Commentary
148. Klein, S.A. (2001). Measuring, Estimating and Understanding the Psychometric Function: A Commentary. Perception & Psychophysics. 63. 1421-1455. PDF | Commentary

Applied Vision [back to top]

23. Horner, D. and Klein, S. A. (1983). Versatile data acquisition with the VIC. Compute 5, 244-248. PDF
49. Klein, S. A. and Carney, T. (1989). Visual multipoles for quantifying raggedness and sharpness of images. OSA Technical Digest on Applied Vision 16, 69-72. PDF
53. Klein, S. A. (1990). High resolution and image compression using the discrete cosine transform. SPIE: Human Vision and Electronic Imaging, Methods and Application. 1249, 135-146. PDF
54. Klein, S. A. and Carney, T. (1990). How many bits/min2 are needed for the perfect display? Society for Informational Display 90 Digest21, 456-459. PDF
59. Klein, S. A. (1991). Sparse-stimulation and Wiener kernels. Chapter in Analysis and Modeling of Neural Systems. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Boston. 47 - 54. PDF
61. Klein, S. A. & Carney, T. (1991). "Perfect" displays and "perfect" image compression in space and time. Human Vision, Visual Processing and Digital Display II. Bernice E. Rogowitz, Jan P. Allebach and Michael Brill, Editors, Proc. SPIE 1453, 190 - 204. PDF
62. Klein, S. A. & Carney, T. (1991). How the number of required grey levels depends on the gamma of the display. Society for Informational Display 91 Digest 22, 623-626. PDF
68. Klein, S. A., Silverstein, A. D. and Carney, T. (1992). Relevance of human vision to JPEG-DCT compression. Human Vision, Visual Processing and Digital Display III. Bernice E. Rogowitz, Jan P. Allebach and Stanley A. Klein, Editors, Proc. SPIE 1666, 200-215. PDF
69a. Hu, Q., Klein, S. A. and Carney, T. (1992) Temporal luminance masking in the coding of video signals. Society for Informational Display 92 Digest 23, 255-258. PDF
69b. Hu, Q., Klein, S. A. and Carney, T. (1993) Masking of high-spatial-frequency information after a scene cut. Society for Informational Display 93 Digest 24, 521-523. PDF
73. Hu, Q., Klein, S. A., and Carney, T. (1993). Can sinusoidal vernier acuity be predicted by contrast discrimination? Vision Research 33, 1241 - 1258. PDF
76. Klein, S.A. (1993). Image quality and image compression: A psychophysicist's viewpoint. Chapter in Digital Images and Human Vision 73-88, ed. A.B. Watson, MIT Press. PDF
77. Silverstein, D.A. & Klein, S.A. (1993). A DCT image fidelity metric and its application to a text-based scheme for image display. Human Vision, Visual Processing and Digital Display IV B.E. Rogowitz & J.P. Allebach, Editors, Proc. SPIE 1913, 229-239. PDF
81. Klein, S.A. (1993). Fidelity metrics and the test-pedestal approach to spatial vision. Computational Vision Based on Neurobiology, Teri B. Lawton, Editor, Proc. SPIE 2054, 142 - 154. PDF | Commentary
82. Silverstein, D.A. & Klein, S.A. (1994). Restoration of compressed images. Image and Video Compression. Majid Rabbani and Robert J. Safranek, Editors, Proc. SPIE 2186, 56-64. PDF | Commentary
83. Hu, Q.J. & Klein, S.A. (1994). Correcting the adjacent pixel nonlinearity on video monitors. Human Vision, Visual Processing and Digital Display V BE Rogowitz & JP Allebach, Eds, Proc. SPIE 2179, 37-46. PDF | Commentary
86. Klein, S.A. & Silverstein, D.A. (1994). Image compression, fidelity metrics and models of human observer. Proceedings of the International Picture Coding Symposium, PCS'94. 96 - 99. PDF | Commentary
91. Klein, S.A., Carney, T. & Hu, Q. (1995) Improved lookup table to correct CRT pixel nonlinearity. Human Vision, Visual Processing and Digital Display VI BE Rogowitz & JP Allebach, Eds, Proc. SPIE 2411, 170 - 179. PDF | Commentary
102. Carney, T., Klein, S.A. & Hu, Q.J. (1996). Visual masking near spatiotemporal edges. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging. BE Rogowitz & JP Allebach, Eds, Proc. SPIE 2657, 393 - 402. PDF | Commentary
103. Klein, S.A. & Carney, T. (1996). Transducer function for energy (viewprint) models. Society for Informational Display 96 Digest 27, 425-428. PDF | Commentary
104. Klein, S.A., Hu, Q.J. & Carney, T. (1996). The adjacent pixel nonlinearity: Problems and solutions. Vision Res., 36, 3167-3181. PDF | Commentary
115. Carney, T. & Klein, S.A. (1997). Gray scale adjacent pixel luminance nonlinearity compensation with three color guns. Color Imaging: Device-Independent Color, Color Hard Copy, and Graphic Arts II. G.B. Beretta & R. Eschbach, Eds. Proc. SPIE 3018, 188-197. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
122. Chang, Y.C., Carney, T, Klein, S.A., Messerschmidt, D, & Zakhor, A. (1998). Effects of temporal jitter on video quality: Assessment using psychophysical and computational modeling methods. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging. BE Rogowitz & TN Pappas, Eds, Proc. SPIE 3299, 173 - 179. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
129. Carney, T., Chang Y.C., Klein, S.A., & Messerschmidt D. (1999). Effects of dynamic quantization noise on video quality. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging IV. Rogowitz & Pappas, Eds, Proc. SPIE 3644, 141-151. PDF | Commentary | Abstract

Spatial Vision [back to top]

8. Stromeyer, C. F. and Klein, S. A. (1974). Spatial frequency channels in human vision as asymmetric (edge) mechanisms. Vision Res. 14, 1409-1420. PDF
9. Klein, S. A., Stromeyer, C. F. and Ganz, L. (1974). The simultaneous spatial frequency shift: A dissociation between the detection and perception of gratings. Vision Res. 14, 1421-1432. PDF
10. Stromeyer, C. F., Klein, S. A. (1975). Evidence against narrow-band spatial frequency channels: Detectability of frequency modulated gratings. Vision Res. 15, 899-910. PDF
11. Stromeyer, C. F., Klein, S. A. and Sternheim, C. E. (1977). Is spatial adaptation caused by prolonged inhibition? Vision Res. 17 603-606. PDF
12. Stromeyer, C. F., Madsen, J. C., Klein, S. A. and Zeevi, J. Y. (1978). Movement selective mechanisms in human vision sensitive to high spatial frequencies. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 68, 1002-1005. PDF
14. Stromeyer, C.F., Madsen, J. C. and Klein, S. A. (1979). Direction-selective adaptation with very slow motion. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 69, 1039-1041. PDF
15. Stromeyer, C. F., Zeevi, J. Y. and Klein, S. A. (1979). Response of visual mechanisms to stimulus onsets and offsets. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 69, 1350-1354. PDF
18. Klein, S. A. and Stromeyer, C. F. (1980). On inhibition between spatial frequency channels: adaptation to complex gratings. Vision Res. 20 459-466. PDF
20. Stromeyer, C. F., Klein, S. A., Dawson, B. M. and Spillmann, L. (1982). Low spatial frequency channels in human vision: adaptation and masking. Vision Res. 22, 225-233. PDF
21. Levi, D.M. and Klein, S. A. (1982). Differences in vernier discrimination for gratings between strabismic and anisometropic amblyopes. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 23, 398-407. PDF
22. Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1982). Hyperacuity and amblyopia. Nature 298, 268-270. PDF
24. Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1983). Spatial localization in normal and amblyopic vision. Vision Res. 23, 1005-1017. PDF
26. Stromeyer, C. F., Madsen, J. C., Kronauer, R. and Klein, S. A. (1984). Opponent movement mechanisms in human vision. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 1, 876-883. PDF
27. Manny, R. E. and Klein, S. A. (1984). The development of vernier acuity in infants. Current Eye Research 3, 453-462. PDF
28. Levi, D.M., Klein, S. A., and Aitsebaomo, P. (1984). Detection and discrimination of motion in central and peripheral vision of normal and amblyopic observers. Vision Res. 24, 789-800. PDF
30. Steinman, S., Levi, D. M., Klein, S. A. and Manny, R. E. (1985). Selectivity of the evoked potential for vernier offsets. Vision Res. 25, 951-961. PDF
31. D. M., Klein, S. A. and Aitsebaomo, A. P. (1985). Vernier acuity, crowding and cortical magnification. Vision Res. 25, 963-977. PDF
32. Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1985). Vernier acuity, crowding and amblyopia. Vision Res. 25 979-991. PDF
33. Klein, S. A. and Levi, D. M. (1985). Hyperacuity thresholds of one second: theoretical predictions and empirical validation. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 2 1170-1190. PDF
34. Klein, S. A. (1985). Double judgment psychophysics: problems and solutions. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 2 1568-1585. PDF
35. Manny, R. E. and Klein, S. A. (1985). A three-alternative tracking paradigm to measure vernier acuity of older infants. Vision Res. 25 1245-1252. PDF
36. Barbeito, R., Levi, D. M., Klein, S. A., Loshin, D. and Ono, H. (1985). Stereo-deficients and stereoblinds cannot make utrocular discriminations. Vision Res. 25 1345-1348. PDF
37. Klein, S. A. and Tyler, C. W. (1986). Phase discrimination of compound gratings: generalized autocorrelation analysis. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 3 868-879. PDF
38. Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1986). Sampling in spatial vision. Nature 320 360-362. PDF
40. Levi, D. M., Klein, S. A. and Yap, Y. L. (1987). Positional uncertainty in peripheral and amblyopic vision. Vision Res. 27 581-597. PDF
42. Klein, S. A. and Levi, D. M. (1987). Position sense of the peripheral retina. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 4 1543-1553. PDF
43. Yap, Y. L., Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1987). Peripheral hyperacuity: three-dot bisection scales to a single factor from 0 to 10 degrees. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 4 1554-1561. PDF
44. Yap, Y. L., Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1987). Peripheral hyperacuity: isoeccentric bisection is better than radial bisection. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 4 1562-1567. PDF
46. Levi, D. M., Klein, S. A. and Yap, Y. L. (1988). "Weber's law" for position: unconfounding the role of separation and eccentricity. Vision Res. 28 597-603. PDF
47. Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1988). "Psychophysical consequences of image degradation and binocular misregistration on the developing visual nervous system." Strabismus and Amblyopia, Ed. Lennerstrand, G., VonNoorden, G. K., Campos, E. C., MacMillan Press, pp. 369-379. PDF
48. Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1989). Both separation and eccentricity can limit precise position judgements: A reply to Morgan and Watt. Vision Res. 29 1463-1469. PDF
50. Klein, S. A. (1989). Visual multipoles and the assessment of visual sensitivity to displayed images. SPIE: Human Vision, Visual Processing and Digital Display, 1077, 83-92. PDF
51. Yap, Y. L., Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1989). Peripheral positional acuity: Retinal and cortical constraints on 2-dot separation discrimination under photopic and scotopic conditions. Vision Res. 29, 789-802. PDF
52. Levi, D. M., Klein, S. A. (1990). The role of separation and eccentricity in encoding position. Vision Res. 30, 557-585. PDF
55. Klein, S. A., Casson, E, and Carney, T. (1990). Vernier acuity as line and dipole detection. Vision Res. 30, 1703-1719. PDF
56. Levi, D. M., Jiang, B. C. and Klein, S. A. (1990). Spatial interval discrimination with blurred lines: Black and white are separate but not equal at multiple spatial scales. Vision Res. 30, 1735-1750. PDF
57. Levi, D.M. and Klein, S.A. (1990). Equivalent intrinsic blur in spatial vision. Vision Res. 30, 1971-1993. PDF
58. Levi, D. M. and Klein, S. A. (1990). Equivalent intrinsic blur in amblyopia. Vision Res. 30, 1995-2022. PDF
63. Klein, S. A. and Beutter, B. (1992). Minimizing and maximizing the joint space-spatial frequency uncertainty of Gabor-like functions. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 9, 337-340. PDF
64. Klein, S. A. (1992). Channels: Bandwidth, channel independence, detection vs. discrimination. Chapter in Channels in the visual nervous system: Neurophysiology, psychophysics and models. B. Blum, ed., Freund Publishing House, London, 11-27. PDF
66. Levi, D. M. & Klein, S. A. (1992). The role of local contrast in the visual deficits of humans with naturally occurring amblyopia. Neuroscience Letters 136, 63-66. PDF
71. Levi, D. M, & Klein, S. A. (1992). "Weber's Law" for position: the role of spatial frequency and contrast. Vision Research 32, 2235 - 2250. PDF
72. Klein, S. A. and Tyler, C. W. (1992). The psychophysics of detection: A review of Graham's "Visual Pattern Analyzers". Journal of Mathematical Psychology 37, 119 - 135. PDF
74. Klein, S.A. (1993). Spatial vision models: Problems and successes. Chapter in Spatial Vision in Humans and Robots, Cambridge University Press, 9-32. PDF
87. Levi, D.M., Klein, S.A. & Wang, H. (1994a). Amblyopic and peripheral Vernier acuity: A test-pedestal approach. Vision Research 34, 3265 - 3292. PDF | Commentary
88. Levi, D.M., Klein, S.A. & Wang, H. (1994b). Discrimination of position and contrast in amblyopic and peripheral vision. Vision Research 34, 3293 - 3314. PDF | Commentary
89. Carney, T., Silverstein, D.A. & Klein, S.A. (1995) Vernier acuity during image rotation and translation: Visual performance limits. Vision Research 35, 1951 - 1964. PDF | Commentary
100. Wang, H., Levi, D.M. & Klein, S.A. (1996). Intrinsic uncertainty and integration efficiency in bisection acuity. Vision Research 36, 717-739. PDF | Commentary
101. Levi, D.M. and Klein, S.A. (1996). Limitations on position coding imposed by under sampling and univariance. Vision Research, 36, 2111-2120. PDF | Commentary
106. Carney, T. & Klein, S.A. (1997). Resolution acuity is better than vernier acuity. Vision Research, 36, 525-539. PDF | Commentary
107. Beard, B.L., Levi, D.M. & Klein, S.A. (1997). Vernier acuity with non-simultaneous targets: The cortical magnification factor measured by psychophysics. Vision Research, 37, 325-346. PDF | Commentary
113. Klein, S.A., Carney, T, Barghout-Stein, L. & Tyler, C.W. (1997). Seven types of visual masking. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging II. BE Rogowitz & TN Pappas, Eds, Proc. SPIE 3016,13-24. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
114. Barghout-Stein, L., Tyler, C.W. & Klein, S.A. (1997). Partitioning mechanisms of masking: contrast transducer versus divisive inhibition. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging. BE Rogowitz & TN Pappas, Eds, Proc. SPIE 3016, 25 - 33. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
116. Beard, B.L., Klein, S.A. & Carney, T. (1997). Motion thresholds can be predicted from contrast discrimination. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 14, 2449 - 2470. PDF | Commentary
117. Levi, D.A., Sharma, V. & Klein, S.A. (1997). Feature integration in pattern perception. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 12742-12746. PDF | Commentary
118. Haddad Jr., H., Klein, S.A. and Baldo, M.V. C. (1997). The contribution of attentional and pre-attentional mechanisms on the perception of temporal order. In: Neuronal bases and psychological aspects of consciousness. World Scientific, C Taddei-Feretti, C. Musio eds. 339-342. PDF | Commentary
119. Wang, H., Levi, D.M. & Klein, S.A. (1998). Spatial uncertainty and sampling efficiency in amblyopic position acuity. Vision Research., 38, 1239-1251. PDF | Commentary
127. Levi, D.M., Klein, S.A. & Sharma, V. (1999). Position jitter and undersampling in pattern perception. Vision Res. 39, 445-465. PDF | Commentary
128. Carney, T. & Klein, S.A. (1999). Optimal spatial localization is limited by contrast sensitivity. Vision Res. 39, 503-511. PDF | Commentary
130. Carney, T., Klein, S.A., Tyler, C.W., et al. (1999). The development of an image/threshold database for designing and testing human vision models. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging IV. Rogowitz & Pappas, Eds, Proc. SPIE 3644, 542-551. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
135. Levi, D.M., Klein, S.A., & Carney, T. (2000). Unmasking the mechanisms for Vernier acuity - evidence for a template model for Vernier acuity. Vision Research. 40 951-972. PDF | Commentary
136. Levi, D.M., McGraw, P.V., & Klein, S.A. (2000). Vernier and contrast discrimination in central and peripheral vision. Vision Research 40, 973-988. PDF | Commentary
137. Sharma, V., Levi, D.M., & Klein, S.A. (2000) Under-counting features and missing features: Evidence for an attentional deficit in strabismic amblyopia. Nature Neuroscience. 3, 496-501. PDF | Commentary
139. Levi, D.M., Klein, S.A., Sharma, V. & Nguyen, L. (2000). Detecting disorder in spatial vision. Vision Research 40, 97-10. PDF | Commentary
140. Levi, D.M., Klein, S.A. (2000) Seeing circles: What limits shape perception? Vision Research 40, 97-107. PDF | Commentary
144. Carney, T., Tyler, C.W., Watson, A.B,, Makous, W., Beutter, B., Chen, C.C., Norcia, A.M., & Klein, S.A., (2000). Modelfest: year one results and plans for future years. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging V. Rogowitz & Pappas, Eds, Proc. SPIE 3959, 140-151. PDF | Commentary | Abstract
147. Yu, C., Klein, S.A., & Levi, D.M. (2001). Surround Modulation of perceived contrast and the role of brightness induction. Journal of Vision, 1, 18-31. PDF | Commentary
150. Silverstein, D.A., Carney, T, & Klein, S.A.(2001). Modeling contrast thresholds. In Vision Models and Applications to Image and Video Processing, ed: Christian J. van den Branden Lambrecht, 53-68. PDF | Commentary
151. Levi, D.M. & Klein, S.A. (2002) Classification images for detection and position discrimination in the fovea and parafovea. Journal of Vision, 2, 46-65. PDF | Commentary
152. Levi, D.M., Klein S.A., & Hariharan, S. (2002). Suppressive and facilitatory spatial interactions in foveal vision: Foveal crowding is simple contrast masking. Journal of Vision, 2, 140-166. PDF | Commentary
153. Levi, D.M., Hariharan, S., & Klein S.A. (2002). Suppressive and facilitatory spatial interactions in peripheral vision: Peripheral crowding is neither size invariant nor simple contrast masking. Journal of Vision, 2, 167-177. PDF | Commentary
154. Levi, D.M., Hariharan, S., & Klein S.A. (2002). Suppressive and facilitatory spatial interactions in amblyopic vision. Vision Research, 42, 1379-1394. PDF | Commentary
155. Baldo, M.V., Kihara, A.H., Namba, J., & Klein, S.A. (2002) Evidence for an attentional component of the perceptual misalignment between moving and flashing stimuli. Perception, 31, 17-30. PDF | Commentary
156. Carney, C., Klein, S.A., et al. (2002). Extending the modelfest image/threshold database into the spatio-temporal domain. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging V. Rogowitz & Pappas, Eds, Proc. SPIE 4662, 138-148. PDF | Commentary
163. Yu, C., Klein, S.A., & Levi, D.M. (2002). Facilitation of contrast detection by cross-oriented surround stimuli and its psychophysical mechanisms. Journal of Vision, 2, 243-255. PDF
164. Levi, D.M., & Klein, S.A. (2003). Noise provides some new signals about the spatial vision of amblyopes. J Neurosci. 2003 Apr 1;23(7):2522-6. PDF | Commentary
165. Levi, D.M., Li, R.W. and Klein, S.A. (2003). "Phase capture" in the perception of interpolated shape: cue combination and the influence function, Vision Research, Volume 43, Issue 21, September 2003, Pages 2233-2243 PDF | Commentary
166. Yu C, Klein SA, Levi DM. Cross- and iso- oriented surrounds modulate the contrast response function: the effect of surround contrast. J Vis. 2003; 3(8):527-40 PDF | Commentary
168. Li, RW, Levi, DM, Klein SA, (2004). Perceptual learning improves efficiency by re-tuning the decision 'template' for position discrimination. Nat Neurosci.; 7(2):178-83. PDF | Commentary
169. Yu C, Klein SA, Levi DM. (2004) Perceptual learning in contrast discrimination and the (minimal) role of context. Journal of Vision 4(3):169-82. PDF | Commentary
170. Hariharan S, Levi DM, Klein SA. (2005) "Crowding" in normal and amblyopic vision assessed with Gaussian and Gabor C's. Vision Research 45(5):617-33. PDF | Commentary
171. Carney T, Klein SA. (2005) Visual resolution: operational definitions with an eye towards historical precedence. Vision Research 45(7):949-54. PDF | Commentary
172. Levi DM, Li RW, Klein SA. (2005) "Phase capture" in amblyopia: the influence function for sampled shape. Vision Research 45(14):1793-805. PDF | Commentary
173. Levi DM, Klein SA, Chen I. (2005) What is the signal in noise? Vision Research 45(14):1835-46. PDF | Commentary
174. Kuai SG, Zhang JY, Klein SA, Levi DM, Yu C. The essential role of stimulus temporal patterning in enabling perceptual learning. Nature Neuroscience [epub ahead of print] PDF | Commentary
176. Klein SA (2006). Separating transducer non-linearities and multiplicative noise in contrast discrimination. Vision Res. 46, 4279-4293. PDF | Commentary
177. Li RW, Levi DM & Klein SA. (2006). The receptive field and internal noise for position acuity change with feature separation. Journal of Vision. 6, 311-321. PDF | Commentary

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